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PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10883ALearningAgendaforCommunity-DrivenDevelopmentRespondingtoComplexContextual,Evaluation,andInferenceChallengesPatrickBarronPatriciaFernandesStephenWinklerMichaelWoolcockSocialSustainabilityandInclusionGlobalPractice&DevelopmentResearchGroupAugust2024PublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedProducedbytheResearchSupportTeamAbstractThePolicyResearchWorkingPaperSeriesdisseminatesthefindingsofworkinprogresstoencouragetheexchangeofideasaboutdevelopmentissues.Anobjectiveoftheseriesistogetthefindingsoutquickly,evenifthepresentationsarelessthanfullypolished.Thepaperscarrythenamesoftheauthorsandshouldbecitedaccordingly.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthispaperareentirelythoseoftheauthors.TheydonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/WorldBankanditsaffiliatedorganizations,orthoseoftheExecutiveDirectorsoftheWorldBankorthegovernmentstheyrepresent.PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10883GovernmentsandnongovernmentalorganizationsaroundtheworldutilizeCommunity-DrivenDevelopment(CDD)approachestoaddresscomplexandoverlappingdevelopmentchallenges.DespiteconsistentevidenceonsomeimpactsofCDD—especiallyimprovementsinbasicservices—thereissignificantvariationinmostoutcomesandseveraluna...