世界银行-记录时间差距：基于智能手机和回忆的时间使用测量方法的比较研究（英）-2024.2-47页

PublicDisclosureAuthorizedPolicyResearchWorkingPaper10695PublicDisclosureAuthorizedRecordingtheTimeDividePublicDisclosureAuthorizedAComparativeStudyofSmartphone-andRecall-BasedApproachestoTimeUseMeasurementTalipKilicGayatriKoolwalWilbertDraziVundruThomasDaumHannesBuchwaldGregSeymourPeterMvulaAlisterMunthaliMoniceKachinjikaPublicDisclosureAuthorizedDevelopmentEconomicsDevelopmentDataGroupFebruary2024PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10695Abstractarm,exceptforcareworkwheretheestimatedgendergapincreases.Therecalltreatmentleadstosubstantialunderre-BasedonarandomizedsurveyexperimentinMalawi,thisportingofactivitiesafter6pm,whichotherwiseaccountsstudyexamineshowinnovativetechniquesintimeusedatafornearly30percentofdailyreportedtimeinthesmart-collectioncouldsidestepmeasurementconcernswithtradi-phonearm.Likewise,theextentofsimultaneousactivities,tionalrecall-basedtimeusemeasurement.Theexperimentparticularlyamongwomen,ismarkedlylowerintherecallassignsrandomsamplesofhouseholds,andadultmenandarm.Theoverallreportedtimeis,however,higherinthewomenwithin,tooneoftwotreatmentarmsontimeuserecallarmduetotheminimum15-minutedurationthatmeasurement:atraditional24-hourrecalltimeusediary,wasusedforrecordingactivitiesthe24-hourrecalldiary,andaself-administeredsmartphone-basedpictorialtimewhileoverone-thirdofactivitieslastedlessthan15minutesdia...