PublicDisclosureAuthorizedPolicyResearchWorkingPaper10677PublicDisclosureAuthorizedVATRateStructuresinTheoryandPracticeAlastairThomasPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedMacroeconomics,TradeandInvestmentGlobalPracticeJanuary2024PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10677AbstractempiricalliteraturethatshowsreducedVATratestobeapoorlytargetedmeansofsupportinglowerincomehouse-Mostcountries’value-addedtax(VAT)systemsapplyholds,particularlywhencomparedtotargetedcashtransferreducedVATratestoaselectionofexpenditureitemsinprograms.Similarly,reducedVATratesareunlikelytobeaordertoachievedistributionalgoals,and(toalesserextent)well-targetedwaytoencourageconsumptionofmeritgoods,socialandculturalobjectives.Thispaperassessesthecasewhiletheyalsocreatesignificantadministrativecomplexity.forapplyingreducedVATrates,withaparticularfocusonThesefindingshavesignificantimplicationsfortaxreformOECDcountrieswherereducedratesfeatureprominently.inbothdevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.Inpartic-Itexaminesboththetheoreticalandempiricalevidence,ular,wherecountrieshavetheadministrativecapacitytoaswellaspracticalconsiderations,andconcludesthattheimplementeffectivelytargetedcashtransferprograms,theycaseforreducedVATratesisweak.Inparticular,theopti-shouldusetheseprogramstosupportpoorerhouseholdsmalindirecttaxliteraturefindsnoredistributiverol...
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