韩国央行-区域移民与经济【韩国央行2023-29年发行说明】（英）-47页

No.2023-29BOKISSUENOTENov.2,2023RegionalMigrationandEconomyMinsuChung1⋅UijungKim2⋅HyeonseoLee3⋅SeongjuHong4⋅DongryeolLee5TheSeoulMetropolitanRegion(SMG)isdisproportionatelyover-concentrated,squeezingmorethanhalfofthepopulationintoaspacejust12%ofSouthKorea’stotallandarea.Thedensityhasworsenedfromcontinuedinfluxofyoungpopulation.From2015to2021,youthmigrantswerebehinda78.5%increaseinthepopulationofthecapitalregion,whiledealingrespectivedeclinesof75.3%,87.8%,and77.2%inDongnam,Honam,DaegyeongRegionsduringthesameperiod.Thepersistenthemorrhageofproductiveyouthforceposesseriousproblemsforthenon-capitalareas.Depopulationhasacceleratedastheresultofbirthdeficiency.InHonam,thebirthlossduetofeweryoungpopulationacrosslasttwodecadeswasequivalentto49.7%ofthenumberofnewbornsin2021.Thesetbackratiowas31.6%forDaegeyeongand21.9%forDongnamRegions.Theshortageofyouthforcedeepenedlabormismatchanddamagedemploymentoutsidethecapitalregion,worseningtheirenvironmenttohostcompanies.Thephenomenonportendssecularimplicationsforhumancapitalandgrowthpotentialoutsidethecapitalareaduetothelossoftheyoungwithtertiaryeducation.Thegovernmentpaidutmostattentiontoregionaldevelopmentfordecadestodeterpolarization,butobviouslytolittleavailasevincedbytheincreasedconcentrationaroundthecapital.Theconsequencedemandsareexaminationintheeven-growthmodelforr...